General

Spinal fusion is the surgical technique of combining two or more vertebrae. A fusion of the vertebrae involves the insertion of secondary bone tissue obtained either from an autograft (tissues from your own body) or allograft (tissues from another person) to enhance the bone healing process.

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Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) is the latest technology available to perform spinal surgeries through small, less than one-inch-long incisions. It involves the use of special surgical instruments, devices and advanced imaging techniques to visualize and perform the surgery through such small incisions.

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Spondylolisthesis is a condition of the spine characterized by the forward displacement of a vertebra over an underlying vertebra. A significant displacement can cause a compression of the spinal nerves resulting in pain.

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Osteoporosis is a “silent” disease characterized by the weakening of bones. This makes the patients more susceptible to fractures, typically in the hip and spine. The elderly and post-menopausal women are at a greater risk of developing osteoporosis.

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Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure performed to reduce or eliminate pain caused by a vertebral compression fracture. It stabilizes the fracture and prevents further collapse of the vertebra, averting deformity.

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Balloon kyphoplasty is a spine surgery that relieves back pain caused by a vertebral compression fracture. The aim of balloon kyphoplasty is to relieve pain, stabilize the fracture and restore the vertebral body height.

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Neural foramina are small canals at every level of the spine through which nerves leave the spinal cord and go to the limbs and other parts of the body.

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Laminectomy refers to the removal or cutting of the lamina (roof) of the vertebral bones to provide space for the nerves to exit from the spine. It can also be performed to relieve the symptoms of the narrowed spinal canal known as spinal stenosis.

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Spinal manipulation is a non-surgical "hands-on" technique in which professional chiropractic specialists use leverage and exercises to adjust spinal structures and restore mobility of the back.

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Microdiscectomy, also called microdecompression, is a minimally invasive spinal surgery where your surgeon removes a part of the herniated disc to relieve pressure on the spinal nerves.

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The posterior approach is the most common and traditional surgical approach to treat idiopathic adolescent scoliosis. In this approach, the spine is accessed through an incision made on the back or posterior side of the body while the patient is made to lie on the stomach.

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Revision spine surgery is surgery performed in certain patients to correct the problems of earlier spine surgery.

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Spinal decompression is a treatment to relieve pressure on one or many “pinched nerves” in the spinal column. It can be achieved either surgically or by non-surgical methods.

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Scoliosis is a condition characterized by the abnormal curvature of the spine. The abnormality can be surgically corrected by fusing the affected parts of the spine so that they grow into a solid bone and do not twist.

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Scoliosis surgery is major surgery. It is performed under general anesthesia and may require several hours to complete. An open approach or minimally invasive approach can be used for the surgery. The surgery can be performed either from the back (posterior approach) or the front of the body (through the abdomen or chest wall).

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A spinal cord stimulator is a device that sends electrical impulses to the areas of the spinal cord causing pain and interferes with the transmission of pain signals to the brain.

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Scoliosis is the abnormal curvature of the spine giving the spine an “S” or “C” shape. Scoliosis can occur at any age and is more common in girls than boys. Larger curves cause discomfort while the smaller curves do not cause any problems. In most cases, the exact cause remains unknown.

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Spine deformity can be defined as abnormality in the shape, curvature, and flexibility of the spine. When the curves are exaggerated, pronounced problems can occur such as back pain, breathing difficulties and fatigue.

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To remove the cyst and relieve pressure on the spinal cord or spinal nerves your doctor will perform a procedure called microdecompression. This is often followed by fusion of the adjacent vertebrae to avoid recurrence of the cyst.

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Spondylolisthesis is a condition characterized by the displacement of one vertebra over the other. Excessive displacement may compress the surrounding spinal nerves and cause pain.

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A spinopelvic fixation procedure involves both the lumbar (lower) spine and the sacrum (base of the spine).

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To perform the transpedicular approach surgery, you will lie in a prone position (on your stomach) and your surgeon will make a midline incision along with the herniated disc.

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Microscopic spine surgery is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed using state-of-the-art technology to treat conditions pertaining to the spine.

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Back and neck pain is common symptoms of injury, damage, deformity, or unhealthy spinal conditions. Pain may range from a mild ache to a sharp shooting pain that can spread down your arms and legs.

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Extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) is a minimally-invasive surgery that involves the fusing of two degenerative spinal vertebrae. The procedure is conducted to relieve painful motion in the back caused by spinal disorders.

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Spine surgery for athletes involves tissue repair and reconstruction using open or minimally invasive surgical techniques, followed by intensive rehabilitation.

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Disc arthroplasty or artificial disc replacement is a spine surgery to replace a degenerated (deteriorated) disc with an artificial disc.

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A spinal tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue surrounding or found within your spinal cord and/or spinal column.

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Dorsal column spinal cord stimulation (DCS) is a therapy to treat certain chronic intractable pain conditions using an implantable neuromodulation device called a dorsal column stimulator (DCS) or spinal column/cord stimulator.

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Motion preservation surgery or Motion Preservation Spine Surgery (MPSS) is a relatively new surgical method employed as an alternative to standard spinal surgeries, such as spinal fusion surgery and disc replacement surgery in select patients to treat spinal conditions of the cervical and lumbar area and restore normal motion of the spine.

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Degenerative spine surgery includes surgical procedures to treat degenerative spine conditions such as disc disease and spinal stenosis that can result in the gradual deterioration of the spine with pain and loss of function.

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Surgery for scoliosis is recommended when the spinal curvature is severe and is either worsening or is a cause of severe pain or difficulty in breathing.

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Spine osteotomy is a surgical procedure in which a section of the spinal bone is cut and removed to allow for correction of spinal malalignment.

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A spinal fracture refers to a break in any of the bones that make up the spine. It can occur due to trauma such as a traffic accident, fall from a significant height or weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis or a tumor. The thoracic or lumbar spine (upper and lower back) are the most common locations for spinal fractures.

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A spinal infection may affect any part of your spine, i.e. the vertebral column, intervertebral discs or the soft tissues surrounding the spine.

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Spinal decompression involves relieving pressure on the spinal nerves to restrict neurological impairment.

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Spinal stabilization is surgery performed to rectify spinal instability that can result from infection. Also called spinal immobilization, it involves the installation of bone grafts and hardware (plates, rods, screws, hooks, and wires) to fuse the spinal segments after removal of the dysfunctional or unstable spinal segments.

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Back pain is common and usually affects everyone at some point. It often occurs more frequently as you grow older. Pain can either be sharp and sudden or dull and constant. Acute back pain lasts a few days or weeks while pain that lasts more than 6 months is considered chronic. Adopting a few good habits and taking certain precautions can help prevent back pain.

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Complex spine surgery is a procedure that involves six or more vertebrae of the spinal column, requiring six or more hours of surgery to correct a spinal deformity. Complex spine surgery is very difficult to perform and demands the highest level of patient dedication to be successful.

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Disc decompression is a surgical procedure to release pressure on the compressed nerve by removing a part of the damaged disc (discectomy).

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Endoscopic rhizotomy is a minimally invasive procedure to destroy nerves that transmit pain impulses from the facet joints of the spine. Your surgeon uses an endoscope (a narrow tube with a tiny camera) to identify the nerves and destroy them.

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Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), also called rhizotomy or neurotomy, is a novel non-surgical technique of treating pain.

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Outpatient spine surgery is an operative procedure that does not require an overnight stay at the hospital. It is also called ambulatory or same-day surgery.

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Imaging techniques such as computed tomography and fluoroscopy may be integrated into the system to facilitate pre-operative planning of the surgery, where a series of images taken before the surgery are displayed on a screen, with which your surgeon matches his/her moves intraoperatively.

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Tumor decompression is a technique to relieve the pressure in your spine caused by the growth of cancer cells. This involves either partial or complete removal of the tumor.

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Tumor stabilization is a surgical procedure performed to strengthen and support your spine when it is weakened or in danger of breaking due to a tumor growth. It is typically carried out after a surgery called tumor decompression, which involves the removal or shrinking of the tumor.

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Discography or a discogram is a procedure to evaluate back pain. It helps identify a painful spinal disc.

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Adult scoliosis is the abnormal curvature of the spine giving the spine an “S” or “C” shape in a skeletally mature person. Larger curves cause discomfort while smaller curves usually do not cause any problems.

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Anterior-posterior approach is also called front and back spinal surgery. This approach is usually recommended for very severe and stiff curves. Sometimes, it is also used to correct previous failed attempts. In this approach, the spine is first accessed from the front or anterior side of the body through an incision on the side followed by an incision on the back (posterior side of the body).

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Thoracic vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure performed to reduce or eliminate pain caused by vertebral compression fractures. It stabilizes the fracture and prevents further collapse of the vertebra, averting deformity.

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Surgical treatment is considered when there is damage to the peripheral nerves and the patient is suffering from a progressive neurologic disease.

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A spinal nerve block is the injection of an anesthetic and steroid medication around the spinal nerve root to diagnose or treat pain.

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Spinal facet rhizotomy is a minimally invasive procedure to destroy nerves that transmit pain impulses from the facet joints of the spine.

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Neuromodulation is considered a method of treatment for chronic pain relief and involves the alteration of nerve activity for relief of pain either through electrical stimulation or medication administered directly to a target site by means of implanted devices.

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Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure to treat fractures of the spinal vertebral bones. During this procedure, your doctor inserts a needle through your skin into the fractured vertebra and injects bone cement. The cement hardens and provides strength and stability to the vertebra.

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The dorsal column stimulator (DCS) or spinal column stimulator is a device that relieves chronic pain associated with spinal nerves through electrical stimulation.

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Epidural spinal injection is a non-surgical treatment option utilized for relieving back pain. Spine degenerative conditions such as herniated disc, spinal stenosis and many others may induce back pain due to the compression of the associated spinal nerves.

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Epidural steroid injection (ESI) is a minimally invasive approach to treat inflammation of spinal nerves that causes pain in the neck, arms, back and legs.

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Physical therapy is one of the foremost necessary treatment modes of recovery for back pain.

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An epidural block or epidural spinal injection is a non-surgical treatment option for relieving back pain and other symptoms.

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Spinal decompression therapy involves stretching your spine using a manual or motorized traction table to help ease neck, back, or leg pain. It is a non-surgical technique to relieve pressure on your spinal discs and spinal nerves. Spinal traction is also believed to improve the supply of blood, oxygen and nutrients to the spine to promote healing.

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A costovertebral joint injection is used for diagnostic purposes to identify the source of upper back pain and also for a therapeutic purpose to decrease pain.

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A transforaminal epidural steroid injection is a minimally invasive procedure where medication is injected into the opening at the side of the spine where the nerve roots exit, called the foramen.

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Spine injection is a non-surgical treatment modality recommended for the treatment of chronic back pain.

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A minimally invasive treatment called facet injection offers symptomatic relief from back pain caused by inflammation of the facet joints; however, this is not a permanent solution for the condition. The objective of the treatment is to suppress pain so that normal activities can be resumed and you can perform physical therapy exercises.

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Caudal epidural injections are administered at the spinal segments of the lower back and tail bone. The injection can also be used as a diagnostic tool to ascertain the location of pain caused by a nerve pinched by vertebral bone herniation or bone spurs.

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A medial branch block is an injection of a local anesthetic administered near the medial branch nerves to temporarily block the pain signal carried from the facet joints of the spine to the brain. It assists your doctor in diagnosing the cause of your back pain.

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In most cases, back pain can be resolved without surgery. The conservative treatment involves the use of pain medications and other methods to reduce inflammation and restore normal function.

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Non-surgical treatments focus on controlling pain and inflammation and improving function. It can help you get through painful flare-ups and keep you active, which is necessary for recovery.

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